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Humanity has always been victimized by various monstrous diseases which have ribbed its beauty till they were cured. On of such diseases is epilepsy; you must have heard people around you talking about a young girl or boy going through some abnormal shaky vibrations and considering it a result of witches or some black charm casted by an enemy. Stay awhile to read the article and to explore that science and medicine have progressed enough to discover the root cause of those phases which were considered a supernatural effect in the past. Day by day, the ratio of such notions are going to be reduced which took an epilepsy patient to some quack instead of hospital.

The epilepsies are common and frequently devastating disorders, affecting approximately 2.5 million people in the United States alone. More than 40 distinct forms of epilepsy have been identified. Epileptic seizures often cause transient impairment of consciousness, leaving the individual at risk of bodily harm and often interfering with education and employment. Therapy is symptomatic because available drugs inhibit seizures, but neither effective prophylaxis nor cure is available. Compliance with medication is a major problem because of the need for long-term therapy together with unwanted effects of many drugs.

The term seizure refers to a transient alteration of behaviour due to the disordered, synchronous, and rhythmic firing of populations of brain neurons. The term epilepsy refers to a disorder of brain function characterized by the periodic and unpredictable occurrence of seizures. Seizures can be “no epileptic” when evoked in a normal brain by treatments such as electroshock or chemical convulsions or “epileptic” when occurring without evident provocation. Pharmacological agents in current clinical use inhibit seizures, and thus are referred to as anti seizure drugs. Whether any of these prevent the development of epilepsy (epileptogenesis) is uncertain.

Seizures are thought to arise from the cerebral cortex, and not from other central nervous system (CNS) structures such as the thalamus, brainstem, or cerebellum. Epileptic seizures have been classified into partial seizures, those beginning focally in a cortical site, and generalized seizures, those that involve both hemispheres widely from the outset. The behavioural manifestations of a seizure are determined by the functions normally served by the cortical site at which the seizure arises.

For example, a seizure involving motor cortex is associated with clinic jerking of the body part controlled by this region of cortex. A simple partial seizure is associated with preservation of consciousness. A complex partial seizure is associated with impairment of consciousness. The majority of complex partial seizures originate from the temporal lobe. Examples of generalized seizures include absence, myoclonic, and tonic-clonic. The type of epileptic seizure is one determinant of the drug selected for therapy. More detailed information is presented in.

Apart from this epileptic seizure classification, an additional classification specifies epileptic syndromes, which refer to a cluster of symptoms frequently occurring together and include seizure types, aetiology, age of onset, and other factors. More than 40 distinct epileptic syndromes have been identified and categorized into partial versus generalized epilepsies. The partial epilepsies may consist of any of the partial seizure types and account for roughly 60% of all epilepsies. The aetiology commonly consists of a lesion in some part of the cortex, such as a tumour, developmental malformation, damage due to trauma or stroke, etc. Such lesions often are evident on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Alternatively, the aetiology may be genetic. The generalized epilepsies are characterized most commonly by one or more of the generalized seizure types listed in and account for approximately 40% of all epilepsies.

The aetiology is usually genetic. The most common generalized epilepsy is referred to as juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, accounting for approximately 10% of all epileptic syndromes. The age of onset is in the early teens, and the condition is characterized by myoclonic, tonic-clonic, and often absence seizures. Like most of the generalized-onset epilepsies, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a complex genetic disorder that is probably due to inheritance of multiple susceptibility genes; there is a familial clustering of cases, but the pattern of inheritance is not mandolin. The classification of epileptic syndromes guide clinical assessment and management and in some instances selection of anti seizure drugs.

This is one of understandable facts that epilepsy does exist and prolongs like other diseases. This is not necessary to kill a person going through epileptic conditions by exposing him to some non sensible way of treatment adopted by frauds. The thing which you need to educate people around is that there is no role of supernatural forces in bringing epilepsy to human beings. It is there because it has to be till science finds some strong or unbeatable cure for the disease.

By: Ammarah Khan